Diagnostic indications for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in oesophageal and gastroduodenal disease in adults, excluding endoscopic ultrasonography and enteroscopy

These guidelines concern three issues:

1. Which clinical signs and/or laboratory values should lead to oesophageal and gastroduodenal imaging or endoscopy, and which form of investigation should be used?
2. What are the upper gastrointestinal indications for diagnosis and follow-up of gastro-oesophageal reflux, ulcers, and portal hypertension without bleeding?
3. What are the indications for duodenal biopsy?